函館市五稜郭公園の桜（北海道）
Goryokaku, the formidable fortification, derives its name from its distinctive five-pointed star-shaped pentagon design, featuring five protruding corners. The construction of this Western-style fortress spanned seven years and reached completion in the first year of the Genji era (1864). It marked Japan's inaugural venture into Western-style fortifications, with all components, including auxiliary structures, finalized by Keio 2 (1866).
Functioning as a pivotal political hub in Ezo (present-day Hokkaido) until its transfer to the Meiji government following the Restoration of Imperial Rule in Keio 3 (1867), Goryokaku played a crucial role in shaping the region's political landscape. However, the turning point came in October of Meiji 1 (1868) when it fell under the control of a group of former shogunate soldiers, led by Enomoto Takeaki, becoming the battleground of the Hakodate War.
Post-war, Goryokaku lost its administrative significance, leading to the dismantling of key facilities, including the former Hakodate magistrate's office and its annexes, in Meiji 4 (1871). Until 1897, it remained under the jurisdiction of the Army Ministry of the Meiji government. Transitioning into a public space in Taisho 3 (1914), it officially became known as "Goryokaku Park."
Earning recognition as a special historic site in Showa 27 (1952) under the name "Goryokaku Ruins," concerted efforts have since been made to safeguard and preserve it as a national heritage site. The park, adorned with approximately 1,530 cherry trees, transforms into a breathtaking spectacle during the cherry blossom season. Alongside Hakodate Park, Goryokaku Park has emerged as a renowned destination for cherry blossom viewing.
In a typical year, the cherry blossom at Goryokaku Park are in full bloom from late April to early May, but in 2023, they reached full bloom on April 20th.
Photos taken on Apr. 19, 2023
H. Koshika
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